What to Do When Your Cat Is Stung by a Bee or Wasp
02.10.24 October 02, 2024 Health

What to Do When Your Cat Is Stung by a Bee or Wasp

Discovering that your beloved cat has been stung by a bee or wasp can be alarming. Cats are naturally curious creatures, often chasing after insects without understanding the potential dangers. If your cat is stung by a bee or wasp, it's crucial to know how to respond promptly and effectively to ensure their well-being. Recognising the Signs of a Bee or Wasp Sting in Cats A cat bee sting or wasp sting can cause immediate discomfort and visible symptoms. Here are some common signs to look out for: Swelling and Redness: The area where the cat was stung may become swollen, red, and tender to the touch. Excessive Licking or Pawing: Your cat may lick or paw at the sting site, especially if it's on the paw or face. Vocalisation: Cats might meow or hiss more than usual due to pain from the bee sting. Agitation or Restlessness: Discomfort may cause your cat to become unsettled. Difficulty Breathing: In rare cases, a severe allergic reaction can lead to breathing difficulties. Immediate Steps to Take When Your Cat Is Stung Stay Calm: Your calm demeanour can help soothe your cat during this stressful time. Inspect the Sting Site: Gently check for the presence of a stinger. Bees leave behind a stinger, while wasps do not. Remove the Stinger: If you see a stinger, scrape it away with a flat object like a credit card. Avoid using tweezers, as squeezing can inject more venom. Clean the Area: Gently clean the sting site with mild soap and water to prevent infection. Apply a Cold Compress: If your cat will let you try and place a cold pack wrapped in a cloth on the area to reduce swelling and numb pain. Monitor for Allergic Reactions: Keep a close eye on your cat for signs of a severe reaction, such as vomiting, diarrhoea, or difficulty breathing. When to Seek Veterinary Care While many bee stings in cats result in mild reactions, certain situations require immediate veterinary attention: Multiple Stings: If your cat was stung multiple times, the increased amount of venom can be dangerous. Stings in Sensitive Areas: A cat stung by a bee in the mouth or throat can experience swelling that may obstruct breathing. Severe Allergic Reactions: Symptoms like hives, rapid heartbeat, or collapse indicate a serious reaction. Understanding Bee Bites vs. Bee Stings It's important to note that bees and wasps sting rather than bite. However, some people refer to the sting as a bee bite. Regardless of terminology, the treatment for a bee sting cat or a bee bite cat remains the same. How To Prevent Future Stings To minimise the risk of your cat getting stung by a bee or wasp: Supervise Outdoor Time: Keep an eye on your cat when they're outside, especially during peak insect activity. Eliminate Attractants: Remove or manage plants that attract bees and wasps in areas where your cat plays. Check for Nests: Regularly inspect your property for bee hives or wasp nests and have them professionally removed if found. Indoor Entertainment: Provide engaging toys to reduce your cat's interest in outdoor hunting. We stock a range of interactive cat toys which are perfect for keeping your cat busy. Special Considerations for Cats with Allergies If your cat has a known allergy to insect stings, your vet may prescribe an emergency treatment plan, which could include antihistamines or epinephrine injections. Always have these medications accessible and understand how to administer them properly. Dealing with Specific Sting Locations Mouth or Throat: A bee sting in a cat's mouth is particularly dangerous due to potential airway obstruction. Seek immediate veterinary care. Paw Stings: A cat bee sting paw can be painful and may cause limping. Ensure the stinger is removed and monitor for infection. Natural Remedies and Aftercare After addressing the immediate concern, you can aid your cat's recovery with: Aloe Vera Gel: Apply a small amount to soothe the skin. Baking Soda Paste: Mix with water and apply to neutralise bee venom (note: not effective for wasp stings). Hydrocortisone Cream: Consult your vet before application to reduce itching and inflammation. First Aid Supplies for bee and wasp stings At Lords & Labradors, we understand the importance of your cat’s safety and comfort. We’ve carefully curated a range of products designed to help your feline after an insect sting, we’ve put our top 3 below. Charlie the Vet Wound & Skin care spray - This is more than a first aid spray, not only is it amazing for insect bites and stings, it works wonders for cuts, grazes, wounds, itchy or irritated skin, skin disinfection, hot spots and post-surgery care. It kills 99.999% of germs in seconds including bacteria, viruses, fungi and fungal spores. 100% natural, easy to apply, sting-free and safe for pets of all ages. Shop now. Leucillin Antiseptic Skin Care Spray - This spray is a must have for all pet owners. It kills 99.99999% of germs on contact, no surviving bacteria means no resistance to healing, demonstrating rapidly reduced recovery time. Whilst killing 99.99999% of germs on contact it is also incredibly gentle, it is non-toxic, pH neutral and does not sting or irritate making it perfect for using on your cat after a bee or wasp sting. The spray works by mirroring the body’s immune system and helps to maintain healthy itch-free skin. Shop now. Aqueos First Aid Spray -  A sting free, PH neutral solution to disinfect cuts, wounds, rashes, itching, burn and all kinds of skin irritations. A great all round first-aid spray that works as a multi-purpose antiseptic spray. Safe on all animals, first aid spray for dogs, cats, horses, all mammals, birds and reptiles. Perfect for keeping your pet’s skin healthy It helps to quickly soothe minor-wounds, grazes and other skin irritations leaving your pet healthier, cleaner and happier. Shop now. Conclusion Encountering cats with bee stings or wasp stings can be stressful, but prompt and appropriate action can alleviate discomfort and prevent complications. Always prioritise your cat's health by monitoring symptoms and seeking professional help when necessary. Shop all the first aid essentials for your cat here.

By Megan Willis

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Discovering that your beloved cat has been stung by a bee or wasp can be alarming. Cats are naturally curious creatures, often chasing after insects without understanding the potential dangers. If your cat is stung by a bee or wasp, it's crucial to know how to respond promptly and effectively to ensure their well-being.

Recognising the Signs of a Bee or Wasp Sting in Cats

A cat bee sting or wasp sting can cause immediate discomfort and visible symptoms. Here are some common signs to look out for:

  • Swelling and Redness: The area where the cat was stung may become swollen, red, and tender to the touch.
  • Excessive Licking or Pawing: Your cat may lick or paw at the sting site, especially if it's on the paw or face.
  • Vocalisation: Cats might meow or hiss more than usual due to pain from the bee sting.
  • Agitation or Restlessness: Discomfort may cause your cat to become unsettled.
  • Difficulty Breathing: In rare cases, a severe allergic reaction can lead to breathing difficulties.

Immediate Steps to Take When Your Cat Is Stung

Grey cat in the garden
  1. Stay Calm: Your calm demeanour can help soothe your cat during this stressful time.
  2. Inspect the Sting Site: Gently check for the presence of a stinger. Bees leave behind a stinger, while wasps do not.
  3. Remove the Stinger: If you see a stinger, scrape it away with a flat object like a credit card. Avoid using tweezers, as squeezing can inject more venom.
  4. Clean the Area: Gently clean the sting site with mild soap and water to prevent infection.
  5. Apply a Cold Compress: If your cat will let you try and place a cold pack wrapped in a cloth on the area to reduce swelling and numb pain.
  6. Monitor for Allergic Reactions: Keep a close eye on your cat for signs of a severe reaction, such as vomiting, diarrhoea, or difficulty breathing.

When to Seek Veterinary Care

While many bee stings in cats result in mild reactions, certain situations require immediate veterinary attention:

  • Multiple Stings: If your cat was stung multiple times, the increased amount of venom can be dangerous.
  • Stings in Sensitive Areas: A cat stung by a bee in the mouth or throat can experience swelling that may obstruct breathing.
  • Severe Allergic Reactions: Symptoms like hives, rapid heartbeat, or collapse indicate a serious reaction.

Understanding Bee Bites vs. Bee Stings

It's important to note that bees and wasps sting rather than bite. However, some people refer to the sting as a bee bite. Regardless of terminology, the treatment for a bee sting cat or a bee bite cat remains the same.

How To Prevent Future Stings

To minimise the risk of your cat getting stung by a bee or wasp:

  1. Supervise Outdoor Time: Keep an eye on your cat when they're outside, especially during peak insect activity.
  2. Eliminate Attractants: Remove or manage plants that attract bees and wasps in areas where your cat plays.
  3. Check for Nests: Regularly inspect your property for bee hives or wasp nests and have them professionally removed if found.
  4. Indoor Entertainment: Provide engaging toys to reduce your cat's interest in outdoor hunting. We stock a range of interactive cat toys which are perfect for keeping your cat busy.
Tabby cat in the garden

Special Considerations for Cats with Allergies

If your cat has a known allergy to insect stings, your vet may prescribe an emergency treatment plan, which could include antihistamines or epinephrine injections. Always have these medications accessible and understand how to administer them properly.

Dealing with Specific Sting Locations

  • Mouth or Throat: A bee sting in a cat's mouth is particularly dangerous due to potential airway obstruction. Seek immediate veterinary care.
  • Paw Stings: A cat bee sting paw can be painful and may cause limping. Ensure the stinger is removed and monitor for infection.

Natural Remedies and Aftercare

After addressing the immediate concern, you can aid your cat's recovery with:

  1. Aloe Vera Gel: Apply a small amount to soothe the skin.
  2. Baking Soda Paste: Mix with water and apply to neutralise bee venom (note: not effective for wasp stings).
  3. Hydrocortisone Cream: Consult your vet before application to reduce itching and inflammation.

First Aid Supplies for bee and wasp stings

At Lords & Labradors, we understand the importance of your cat’s safety and comfort. We’ve carefully curated a range of products designed to help your feline after an insect sting, we’ve put our top 3 below.

  1. Charlie the Vet Wound & Skin care spray - This is more than a first aid spray, not only is it amazing for insect bites and stings, it works wonders for cuts, grazes, wounds, itchy or irritated skin, skin disinfection, hot spots and post-surgery care. It kills 99.999% of germs in seconds including bacteria, viruses, fungi and fungal spores. 100% natural, easy to apply, sting-free and safe for pets of all ages. Shop now.
  2. Leucillin Antiseptic Skin Care Spray - This spray is a must have for all pet owners. It kills 99.99999% of germs on contact, no surviving bacteria means no resistance to healing, demonstrating rapidly reduced recovery time. Whilst killing 99.99999% of germs on contact it is also incredibly gentle, it is non-toxic, pH neutral and does not sting or irritate making it perfect for using on your cat after a bee or wasp sting. The spray works by mirroring the body’s immune system and helps to maintain healthy itch-free skin. Shop now.
  3. Aqueos First Aid Spray -  A sting free, PH neutral solution to disinfect cuts, wounds, rashes, itching, burn and all kinds of skin irritations. A great all round first-aid spray that works as a multi-purpose antiseptic spray. Safe on all animals, first aid spray for dogs, cats, horses, all mammals, birds and reptiles. Perfect for keeping your pet’s skin healthy It helps to quickly soothe minor-wounds, grazes and other skin irritations leaving your pet healthier, cleaner and happier. Shop now.

Conclusion

Encountering cats with bee stings or wasp stings can be stressful, but prompt and appropriate action can alleviate discomfort and prevent complications. Always prioritise your cat's health by monitoring symptoms and seeking professional help when necessary.

Shop all the first aid essentials for your cat here.

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  • Why Do Cats Like to Go in Boxes
    31.08.26 August 31, 2026 Owning a Cat

    Why Do Cats Like to Go in Boxes

    If you have ever watched a cat bypass a brand new bed to squeeze into a battered delivery box, you already know that cardboard holds a very particular power over them. This article gets into the real reasons why cats like to go in boxes, from the deep-rooted instincts behind it to the surprising science that explains why boxes can actually make cats feel calmer and more secure. You will also find practical tips for making box time safer at home, plus some cosy alternatives worth knowing about. Why do cats like to go in boxes? The short answer If you have ever set down an empty delivery box and watched your cat claim it within seconds, you already know that cats and cardboard share a very special relationship. But why do cats like to go in boxes so reliably — regardless of age, personality, or how many perfectly good beds they have completely ignored? The honest answer comes down to instinct. Cats are both predators and prey, which means they are hardwired to seek out small, enclosed spaces where they feel hidden, secure, and in control. A box delivers all of that at once. It is basically the feline version of a perfect afternoon. But there is more to it than simple survival instinct. Cardboard retains warmth, which cats are naturally drawn to. Boxes offer novelty, which keeps curious, intelligent animals happily occupied. And research has actually shown that access to a box can meaningfully lower stress levels in cats, especially when they are adjusting to a new or unsettling environment. So if your cat has commandeered every online delivery since you started shopping from home, they are not just being theatrical. They are following a deeply rooted urge that feels safe, satisfying, and entirely natural to them. This article unpacks all of it — from the science behind why cats are attracted to boxes to practical ways you can lean into the behaviour at home. And if you want to go a step further, you can explore our full range of cat essentials for even more ways to keep your cat comfortable and content. How boxes make cats feel safe, hidden, and in control One of the clearest answers to why cats like to go in boxes lies in how perfectly a box suits their dual nature as both predator and prey. Inside a box, a cat can watch everything happening in the room while staying completely hidden. That combination of visibility and cover is deeply wired into how cats experience the world. Reduced sensory overwhelm: Enclosed spaces filter out visual noise and movement, helping cats feel calmer in busier households. Monitoring without exposure: A cat in a box can track people, other pets, and sounds without putting itself in a vulnerable position. Ambush readiness: Even the most pampered indoor cat still carries those hunting instincts. A box keeps them poised and ready, even if the “prey” turns out to be a passing sock. A sense of boundary and control: Cats feel safest when they can define their own space. A box creates a clear perimeter that feels entirely theirs. Instinct, not stubbornness: That moment when your cat bypasses a plush bed to squeeze into the tiniest cardboard box in the room? That’s not cheek. That’s instinct telling them that smaller means safer. Enclosed spaces give cats something open rooms simply cannot: a genuine sense of control over their environment. If your cat gravitates toward boxes and tight corners, they’re not being awkward — they’re following instincts that go back thousands of years. Our High Wall Bouclé Cat Bed is built with exactly that in mind, with raised, defined sides that recreate the sheltered, secure feeling cats love about boxes — just a little more comfortable for everyone involved. What the Leiden University stress study found about boxes and feline stress There is some genuine science behind why cats like to go in boxes. A well-known study from Leiden University looked at newly arrived shelter cats and found that simple hiding boxes seemed to help them cope better with the stress of a big change. That matters because shelters are full of unfamiliar smells, sounds, and routines. For a cat, that can feel overwhelming. In the study, cats with access to a box generally showed lower stress scores and appeared to settle more quickly than cats without one. In other words, the box was not just somewhere to sit. It gave the cat a safe, contained space to retreat to while taking in a new environment. A few easy takeaways from the research: Cats with a hiding box appeared to adapt more quickly in a stressful setting A small, enclosed space may help cats feel safer and more in control Hiding can be a normal coping behaviour, not something “bad” that needs stopping The idea is useful beyond shelters too, especially for new kittens, house moves, or changes in routine The big lesson is simple: when cats can choose to tuck themselves away, they often feel more secure. That helps explain why cats like boxes so much in the first place. At home, that does not have to mean leaving delivery boxes all over the hallway, although many cats would be thrilled with that. A cardboard box, covered bed, or snug hideaway can all offer a similar sense of comfort. If your cat likes cosy places to curl up out of sight, our cat beds collection is a helpful place to start. Why cardboard boxes are so irresistible: texture, warmth, and novelty Part of understanding why cats like to go in boxes comes down to the material itself. Cardboard ticks several boxes at once (pun very much intended), offering a mix of sensory rewards that are genuinely hard to resist. It’s rarely just one thing pulling them in. Natural insulation: Cardboard traps body heat surprisingly well, creating a snug little pocket of warmth that feels immediately comforting to a cat settling in for a nap. Scratch-friendly texture: The surface is satisfying to knead and scratch, giving cats a natural outlet for an instinct they act on every single day. Novelty and mental stimulation: A new box arriving in the house is basically an event. Exploring it engages their curiosity and gives their brain a small but meaningful workout. Muffled acoustics: The walls absorb surrounding sound, softening the environment and helping cats feel calmer and less overstimulated. Familiar, neutral scent: Cardboard carries no strong or threatening smells, which makes it feel safe and approachable from the very first sniff. Put all of that together and it’s easy to see why cat behaviour in boxes makes so much sense. Warm, tactile, quiet, and interesting all at once — it’s a pretty compelling combination. If you want to make a box even more inviting, try tucking in one of our soft cat blankets to layer up the warmth and comfort your cat is already searching for. How to use boxes safely and keep the fun going at home Giving your cat a cardboard box to explore is one of the easiest wins in pet parenting, but a little prep goes a long way. Before you set one down, check it over properly. Remove any staples, packing tape, or sharp folded edges that could catch a paw or scratch a nose, and give it a quick sniff while you’re at it. Boxes that have held cleaning products or heavily scented goods are best left in the recycling. Once it passes the check, placement matters more than you might expect. Tuck it somewhere quiet, away from busy hallways or noisy appliances. Cats are drawn to boxes because they feel hidden and in control, so dropping one in the middle of a well-trafficked room rather misses the point. It’s also worth keeping an eye on chewing. Most cats will sniff, knead, and generally make themselves at home without much drama, but if yours is tearing off chunks and swallowing them, it’s time to swap things out for something safer. When you want a longer-lasting version of the same comfort, cat tunnels, enclosed hideaway beds, and soft-sided dens deliver everything a cardboard box does: warmth, shelter, and that deeply satisfying tucked-in feeling. They’re washable, sturdier, and far tidier to have around the house. The instinct behind why cats like to go in boxes stays exactly the same. You’re just giving it a proper home. Frequently Asked Questions Why does my cat prefer the box over the toy inside it? The box satisfies a stronger, more deeply rooted instinct: shelter and concealment than almost any toy can compete with. Is it bad for my cat to sleep in a box all the time? Not inherently, but make sure they still have access to fresh water, food, and a litter tray nearby, and that the box is clean, dry, and free of sharp edges or packaging debris. Do kittens like boxes too? Yes. Often, even more than adult cats, since boxes double as a place to play, pounce, and practise hiding behaviours from a very young age.

    By Adele Busby

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  • Why Do Cats Lick Each Other
    26.08.26 August 26, 2026 Owning a Cat

    Why Do Cats Lick Each Other

    Watching two cats curl up and wash each other is one of those small, lovely moments that makes a multi-cat home feel just right. This guide looks at why do cats lick each other, from the social bonds and shared scents behind allogrooming to the times when one-sided licking might be worth a closer look. You’ll also find practical tips on setting up your home so your cats can feel calm, comfortable, and genuinely at ease together. Why do cats lick each other? A quick look at cat grooming If you’ve ever caught your cats curled up together, giving each other a careful wash, it’s natural to wonder why do cats lick each other when they can groom themselves just fine. In most cases, it’s a lovely, normal part of cat grooming behavior called social grooming. When cats groom each other, they’re not just tidying up. They’re building trust, sharing comfort, and showing that they feel relaxed enough to be close. You’ll often notice them licking around the head, ears, or neck, which are tricky spots to clean alone. So yes, there’s a practical side, but the bigger message is usually affection and bonding. This starts early. Mother cats lick their kittens to clean them, soothe them, and help them feel secure. As cats grow, that same behaviour can carry into adult relationships, which helps explain why cats lick each other’s fur when they’ve formed a strong bond at home. So if your two cats take turns grooming on the sofa or after a nap in their favourite bed, it’s usually a reassuring sign. They likely see each other as part of the same social group. If you’re also helping cats and dogs live happily together, our guide on how to get your dog and cat to get along may help. What allogrooming means in a cat household If you’ve ever caught one cat carefully washing another’s ears and wondered why do cats lick each other so intently, you’re looking at allogrooming. It’s simply the name for one cat grooming another, and it’s a very normal part of life in many multi-cat homes. So, why do cats groom each other in the first place? Usually, it comes down to familiarity, comfort, and living closely together. It helps build bonds. Grooming can be a calming, rewarding social interaction for cats, so doing it regularly may help strengthen their connection over time. It creates a shared scent. When cats lick each other’s fur, they mix their scents together. That shared smell helps them recognise one another as part of the same social group. It helps with hard-to-reach areas. The top of the head, around the ears, and the neck are awkward spots for a cat to clean alone, so a friendly housemate can step in. It can keep the peace. In some pairs or groups, grooming seems to help smooth over small tensions and make everyone feel more settled. It shows trust. Cats are vulnerable when they’re being groomed, so allowing another cat close in that way is often one of the loveliest cat affection signs to spot at home. In a happy cat household, allogrooming often becomes part of the daily rhythm. It’s one of those little cat grooming behavior clues that can tell you your cats feel safe, familiar, and comfortable with each other. Is it about love, hierarchy, or both? The honest answer is that cat grooming behavior is rarely just one thing. When cats lick each other, it can absolutely be about affection, but it can also reflect who feels more confident, settled, or socially comfortable in the pair. So if you’ve ever wondered why do cats lick each other, the answer is often both love and social structure. Cats may groom one another to: strengthen a bond they already feel secure in calm things down after a brief wobble or disagreement share scent and reinforce a familiar group feeling at home show social confidence, especially when one cat usually starts the grooming comfort a companion they know well, including a sibling or long-time housemate That’s why cat grooming behavior can look very sweet on the surface while still telling you something about the relationship underneath. One cat licking the other’s head or neck, for example, may be gentle and affectionate, but it can also show which cat tends to take the lead socially. Worth knowing: one study on close-contact inter-cat interactions found that cats can show both affiliative and agonistic behaviors, so grooming may sit alongside tension rather than always meaning pure affection. In other words, why do cats groom each other is not always a simple romance story. In a calm, well-set-up home, with enough space and resources like a cat scratch post, you’re more likely to see the relaxed, easy kind of grooming most pet parents hope for. When one cat does all the licking: signs it may be stress, not just affection Mutual grooming is usually a lovely sign that your cats feel safe and bonded together. But it’s worth paying attention when one cat is always doing the licking and the other is simply putting up with it. That kind of one-sided pattern can sometimes point to stress, anxiety, or an uneven social dynamic rather than pure affection. Here are a few signs to watch for: The cat being groomed flattens their ears or pulls their head away They walk off mid-session looking relieved, not relaxed One cat always initiates grooming, never the other way around You notice thinning fur in certain spots from repeated, concentrated licking The licking looks frantic or repetitive rather than slow and settled The recipient shows tension during grooming — tail flicking, a low grumble, or a stiff body Compulsive grooming can be a response to environmental stress. Giving cats a positive outlet for restless energy really does help, and something like a wall climber or activity centre can make a surprising difference to anxious behaviour at home. A little one-sidedness is perfectly normal and nothing to worry about on its own. Most cats settle into their own grooming rhythms over time. But if you’re consistently noticing avoidance, tension, or licking that looks more compulsive than caring, it’s worth keeping a closer eye on things. A chat with your vet or a cat behaviourist can help you figure out what’s going on and how best to support both cats. How to support calm, comfortable cat relationships at home The good news is that most cats in the same household find their own rhythm over time. But there are things you can do to smooth the process along, especially if you have a newer pairing or a cat who seems a little unsettled. Start with space. Cats feel safest when they have somewhere to retreat to that is entirely their own. If your cats share every bed, bowl, and sunny windowsill, tension can quietly build even when everything looks fine on the surface. Giving each cat a dedicated resting spot makes a real difference — not just for their comfort, but for the overall mood of the household. A cosy, enclosed bed works especially well as a personal sanctuary, somewhere a cat can decompress without another wandering in uninvited. If you are looking for something that suits each cat’s individual personality, the Lords & Labradors cat bed collection is well worth a browse. Scratching posts are another simple win. Place them in a few different spots around the home and cats can mark their territory in a way that feels natural and low-conflict, which quietly helps keep the peace without anyone having to step in. When it comes to encouraging closeness, let the cats lead. Grooming and licking will happen on their terms, and that is exactly how it should be. Moving them together when they seem settled apart, or hovering over interactions, can create friction rather than ease it. Step back and trust them. Watching your cats groom each other and genuinely seem at ease together is one of the quiet joys of a multi-cat home. A little support from you goes a long way in helping them get there. Frequently Asked Questions What does it mean if cats lick each other? It usually means they feel comfortable and familiar with each other. Cats often lick one another as part of social grooming, or allogrooming, which helps with bonding, shared scent, and cleaning hard-to-reach spots like the head, ears, and neck. It can also reflect social confidence within the pair. Does the dominant cat groom the other? Sometimes, yes. When one cat regularly starts the grooming, it can show social confidence or that they tend to take the lead in the relationship, not just affection. The bigger picture matters though, as relaxed body language and calm, mutual interactions usually suggest the grooming is comfortable and positive. Is it good when a cat licks another cat? Yes, in most cases it’s a good sign. Cats licking each other is often a normal, reassuring part of social grooming that shows trust, comfort, and bonding. It’s only worth watching more closely if the licking looks frantic, one-sided, or seems to make the other cat tense or uneasy.

    By Adele Busby

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